介绍　　　　检查清单　　　　病症　　　　治疗

饮食调理　　　　补充

　　疱疹样皮肤炎（简称DH）是可发于各种年龄阶段的慢性皮肤疾病。不过最常发生的年龄段为二十至四十岁。

疱疹样皮炎检查清单

疱疹性皮肤炎有哪些症状？

　　DH的症状表现为有剧烈瘙痒感的麻疹或水泡状的皮肤块，主要分布在肘部、膝盖和臀部，不过其他部位也有可能患上。除了感到瘙痒外，还有可能伴有灼热和刺痛感。

医学治疗

　　对于皮疹，处方用药通常为二氨二苯砜（如Dapsone®）和硫胺嘧啶。
坚持食用不含麸质的食物是关键。

饮食改变可能带来的变化

　　DH的起因主要是一种对食物（小麦和其他谷物）的过敏性反应（称为超敏性），该类食物含有一种叫做麸质的蛋白质。患有DH的人肠道内壁通常与那些有腹腔疾病（也称为麸质敏感肠病或口炎性腹泻）一样出现了异常症状，是一种同样由于对麸质敏感造成的肠道疾病。然而，与腹腔疾病不同，得DH的人，胃肠系统可能只有轻微的症状，或者根本没有。

　　对于大多数人来说，严格坚持终身免食不含麸质的食物（GFD）可以完全消除DH的症状，以及肠道疾病，并消除或基本不服用药品。然而，在症状得到解决之前，应有平均下来8-12个月的饮食限制。

　　据称DH还可能增加患淋巴瘤（发于淋巴组织的癌），以及某种自体免疫和连接组织疾病。一些初始研究建议，至少严格坚持GFD五年，可能减小由DH引起的淋巴瘤的几率。

　　不是所有人都可以通过GFD和药物使DH症状得到改善的。一些初始研究指明，一些其他的食物性蛋白质也有可能引发过敏反应。某些研究者建议完全不食用某些食物且/或对某些食物进行敏感性测验。

　　根据某些未受控的初始研究，不含牛奶的饮食可能会改善疱疹样皮炎的症状。它们指出，两名坚持未食用含麸质食物的病人因为食用了含牛奶的制品而使症状加剧了。然而，既不食用牛奶制品也不食用麸质食品的饮食是有效的。

营养补充品可能带来的帮助

　　患有DH的人通常有轻微的营养吸收不良（对吸收某些营养元素有困难），以及胃酸不足（胃酸分泌过少）和胃内壁发炎（萎缩性胃炎）的症状。轻微的营养吸收不良可能是由贫血和铁、叶酸、维生素B12、锌元素的缺乏引起的。更严重些的营养吸收不量可能会导致骨质疾病。也有可能伴有其他维生素和矿物质的缺乏，不过还没有研究证实这一情况。因此，一些医生推荐患有DH的病人通过实验室研究定期检查其营养状况。这些医生还有可能建议病人补充多种维生素矿物质，并且改善胃酸分泌过少的状况，补充三甲铵乙内酯HCI（盐酸的一种来源）。

　　一项临床的初始试验表明，大量的（每日9～24g）帕拉氨基酸（PABA）减轻或完全消除DH对皮肤造成的损害。继续施行这一措施后，原本患有DH的病人在30个月内都没有复发。由于补充了大量的PABA，有可能造成副作用，所以只能在有医学指导的情况下进行。

　　据称，DH可能造成含硒的抗氧化酶、也就是被称为谷胱甘肽的过氧化酶的缺乏。一些初始的双盲侧室建议，每日补充10IU的维生素E和200mg的硒，持续6～8周后就可改善该物质的缺乏症状，但在双盲测试中未能表现出对症状有何改善。

　　已经有一些初步证据表明，当病人对二氨二苯砜类药物产生抗药性后，可能对抗生素、四环素和烟碱（维生素B3的一种形式）的结合药物有所反应。然而，这种治疗方案只应在内科医师的指导下实行。

是否有副作用或交叉作用？

参见补充某些个别元素时所引起的副作用或交叉作用信息。

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